Micronutrient intake and risk of prostate cancer in a cohort of middle-aged, Danish men

TY - JOUR

T1 - Micronutrient intake and risk of prostate cancer in a cohort of middle-aged, Danish men

AU - Roswall, Nina

AU - Larsen, Signe B.

AU - Friis, Søren

AU - Outzen, Malene

AU - Olsen, Anja

AU - Christensen, Jane

AU - Dragsted, Lars Ove

AU - Tjønneland, Anne

N1 - CURIS 2013 NEXS 084

PY - 2013/6

Y1 - 2013/6

N2 - Purpose Micronutrients may protect against prostate cancer. However, few studies have had high-quality assessment of both dietary and supplemental consumption of micronutrients, rendering possible different sourcespecific effects difficult to discern. This study evaluates associations between intake of vitamin C, E, folate, and beta-carotene and prostate cancer risk, focusing on possible different effects of dietary, supplemental, or total intake and on potential effect modification by alcohol intake and BMI. Methods Danish prospective cohort study of 26,856 men aged 50-64 years with questionnaire-based information on diet, supplements, and lifestyle. Hazard ratios (HRs) for prostate cancer associated with micronutrient intake were calculated using Cox proportional hazard analyses. Results During follow-up (1993-2010), 1,571 prostate cancer cases were identified. Supplemental folic acid was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk, notably on a continuous scale [HR 0.88 (95 % CI 0.79-0.98) per 100 lg increase/day]. The risk reduction was largely confined to nonaggressive tumors [HR 0.71 (0.55-0.93) per 100 lg increase/ day]. No influence on prostate cancer risk was observed for dietary folate or for the other studied micronutrients, regardless of source.We found no significant effect modification by alcohol intake and BMI in relation to any micronutrient. Conclusion Our study may indicate an inverse association between folic acid and prostate cancer; however, the inverse association was confined to supplemental folic acid and nonaggressive prostate cancer and may thus be a chance finding. Further studies are warranted to evaluate our findings.

AB - Purpose Micronutrients may protect against prostate cancer. However, few studies have had high-quality assessment of both dietary and supplemental consumption of micronutrients, rendering possible different sourcespecific effects difficult to discern. This study evaluates associations between intake of vitamin C, E, folate, and beta-carotene and prostate cancer risk, focusing on possible different effects of dietary, supplemental, or total intake and on potential effect modification by alcohol intake and BMI. Methods Danish prospective cohort study of 26,856 men aged 50-64 years with questionnaire-based information on diet, supplements, and lifestyle. Hazard ratios (HRs) for prostate cancer associated with micronutrient intake were calculated using Cox proportional hazard analyses. Results During follow-up (1993-2010), 1,571 prostate cancer cases were identified. Supplemental folic acid was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk, notably on a continuous scale [HR 0.88 (95 % CI 0.79-0.98) per 100 lg increase/day]. The risk reduction was largely confined to nonaggressive tumors [HR 0.71 (0.55-0.93) per 100 lg increase/ day]. No influence on prostate cancer risk was observed for dietary folate or for the other studied micronutrients, regardless of source.We found no significant effect modification by alcohol intake and BMI in relation to any micronutrient. Conclusion Our study may indicate an inverse association between folic acid and prostate cancer; however, the inverse association was confined to supplemental folic acid and nonaggressive prostate cancer and may thus be a chance finding. Further studies are warranted to evaluate our findings.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84875065146&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1007/s10552-013-0190-4

DO - 10.1007/s10552-013-0190-4

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 23519640

SN - 0957-5243

VL - 24

SP - 1129

EP - 1135

JO - Cancer Causes & Control

JF - Cancer Causes & Control

IS - 6

ER -