Hazard quotient profiles used as a risk assessment tool for PFOS and PFOA serum levels in three distinctive European populations

TY - JOUR

T1 - Hazard quotient profiles used as a risk assessment tool for PFOS and PFOA serum levels in three distinctive European populations

AU - Ludwicki, Jan K

AU - Góralczyk, Katarzyna

AU - Struciński, Paweł

AU - Wojtyniak, Bogdan

AU - Rabczenko, Daniel

AU - Toft, Gunnar

AU - Lindh, Christian H

AU - Jönsson, Bo A G

AU - Lenters, Virissa

AU - Heederik, Dick

AU - Czaja, Katarzyna

AU - Hernik, Agnieszka

AU - Pedersen, Henning S

AU - Zvyezday, Valentyna

AU - Bonde, Jens Peter

N1 - Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

PY - 2015/1/1

Y1 - 2015/1/1

N2 - Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) blood levels are commonly used as biomarkers of human environmental exposure to these compounds. Many biomonitoring studies indicate 100% detection for PFOS and PFOA thus justifying a concern of possible risk for the most exposed individuals. This study addresses the predictive value of hazard quotients (HQs) calculated on the basis of serum PFOS and PFOA in male and female populations of reproductive age in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine. Overall, 2026 results of PFOS and PFOA serum concentrations (589 males, 1437 females) were obtained from the INUENDO database. HQs were calculated from the actual biomonitoring results and literature-based animal data linking toxicological outcomes and critical PFOS/PFOA serum levels. HQs for serum PFOS were calculated based on Points of Departure (PoD) at 13μgmL(-1) (cynomolgus monkeys, 183days, changes in THS and T3) and for PFOA at 7.1μgmL(-1) serum (male rats, 90days, hepatocellular necrosis, increased liver weight). Uncertainty factors were applied to reflect interspecies differences and human variability. Serum HQs were expressed as a ratio relative to the point of departure for each PFOS and PFOA. Only in the three cases of males in Greenland were there serum PFOS levels showing HQ values exceeding 1, so indicating that such serum levels may be of concern. The mean serum concentration of PFOS was significantly higher in male than in female populations. Despite significant differences between HQ profiles for PFOS and PFOA in donors from Greenland, Poland and Ukraine, the concentrations of these perfluoroalkylated compounds do not indicate a cause for concern, except for the three aforementioned cases from Greenland. This study demonstrates that the HQ approach can help to interpret human biomonitoring data and thus serve as a valuable tool in further risk assessment priority settings and may also be used as a basis for taking decisions in risk management.

AB - Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) blood levels are commonly used as biomarkers of human environmental exposure to these compounds. Many biomonitoring studies indicate 100% detection for PFOS and PFOA thus justifying a concern of possible risk for the most exposed individuals. This study addresses the predictive value of hazard quotients (HQs) calculated on the basis of serum PFOS and PFOA in male and female populations of reproductive age in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine. Overall, 2026 results of PFOS and PFOA serum concentrations (589 males, 1437 females) were obtained from the INUENDO database. HQs were calculated from the actual biomonitoring results and literature-based animal data linking toxicological outcomes and critical PFOS/PFOA serum levels. HQs for serum PFOS were calculated based on Points of Departure (PoD) at 13μgmL(-1) (cynomolgus monkeys, 183days, changes in THS and T3) and for PFOA at 7.1μgmL(-1) serum (male rats, 90days, hepatocellular necrosis, increased liver weight). Uncertainty factors were applied to reflect interspecies differences and human variability. Serum HQs were expressed as a ratio relative to the point of departure for each PFOS and PFOA. Only in the three cases of males in Greenland were there serum PFOS levels showing HQ values exceeding 1, so indicating that such serum levels may be of concern. The mean serum concentration of PFOS was significantly higher in male than in female populations. Despite significant differences between HQ profiles for PFOS and PFOA in donors from Greenland, Poland and Ukraine, the concentrations of these perfluoroalkylated compounds do not indicate a cause for concern, except for the three aforementioned cases from Greenland. This study demonstrates that the HQ approach can help to interpret human biomonitoring data and thus serve as a valuable tool in further risk assessment priority settings and may also be used as a basis for taking decisions in risk management.

KW - Alkanesulfonic Acids

KW - Caprylates

KW - Environmental Exposure

KW - Environmental Monitoring

KW - Female

KW - Fluorocarbons

KW - Greenland

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Poland

KW - Pregnancy

KW - Risk Assessment

KW - Ukraine

U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2014.10.001

DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2014.10.001

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 25454227

SN - 0160-4120

VL - 74

SP - 112

EP - 118

JO - Environment international

JF - Environment international

ER -