Control of gene expression and mitochondrial biogenesis in the muscular adaption to endurance exercise

TY - JOUR

T1 - Control of gene expression and mitochondrial biogenesis in the muscular adaption to endurance exercise

AU - Joseph, A. M.

AU - Pilegaard, H.

AU - Leick, L.

AU - Hood, D. A.

PY - 2006

Y1 - 2006

N2 - Every time a bout of exercise is performed, a change in gene expression occurswithin the contracting muscle. Over the course of many repeated bouts ofexercise (i.e. training), the cumulative effects of these alterations lead to achange in muscle phenotype. One of the most prominent of these adaptationsis an increase in mitochondrial content, which confers a greater resistance tomuscle fatigue. This essay reviews current knowledge on the regulation ofexercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis at the molecular level. The majorsteps involved include, (i) transcriptional regulation of nuclear-encoded genesencoding mitochondrial proteins by the coactivator peroxisome-proliferatoractivatedreceptor coactivator-1, (ii) control of mitochondrial DNA gene1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected]).13© 2006 The Biochemical SocietyCh-02_essbiochem_hood.indd Page 13 11/13/06 10:27:15 PM elhi /Volumes/ju108/POIN001/essbiochem_indd%0/Chapter 2© 2006 The Biochemical Society14 Essays in Biochemistry volume 42 2006expression by the transcription factor Tfam, (iii) mitochondrial fi ssion andfusion mechanisms, and (iv) import of nuclear-derived gene products intothe mitochondrion via the protein import machinery. It is now known thatexercise can modify the rates of several of these steps, leading to mitochondrialbiogenesis. An understanding of how exercise can produce this effect couldhelp us decide whether exercise is beneficial for patients suffering frommitochondrial disorders, as well as a variety of metabolic diseases.

AB - Every time a bout of exercise is performed, a change in gene expression occurswithin the contracting muscle. Over the course of many repeated bouts ofexercise (i.e. training), the cumulative effects of these alterations lead to achange in muscle phenotype. One of the most prominent of these adaptationsis an increase in mitochondrial content, which confers a greater resistance tomuscle fatigue. This essay reviews current knowledge on the regulation ofexercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis at the molecular level. The majorsteps involved include, (i) transcriptional regulation of nuclear-encoded genesencoding mitochondrial proteins by the coactivator peroxisome-proliferatoractivatedreceptor coactivator-1, (ii) control of mitochondrial DNA gene1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email [email protected]).13© 2006 The Biochemical SocietyCh-02_essbiochem_hood.indd Page 13 11/13/06 10:27:15 PM elhi /Volumes/ju108/POIN001/essbiochem_indd%0/Chapter 2© 2006 The Biochemical Society14 Essays in Biochemistry volume 42 2006expression by the transcription factor Tfam, (iii) mitochondrial fi ssion andfusion mechanisms, and (iv) import of nuclear-derived gene products intothe mitochondrion via the protein import machinery. It is now known thatexercise can modify the rates of several of these steps, leading to mitochondrialbiogenesis. An understanding of how exercise can produce this effect couldhelp us decide whether exercise is beneficial for patients suffering frommitochondrial disorders, as well as a variety of metabolic diseases.

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0071-1365

VL - 42

SP - 13

EP - 29

JO - Essays in Biochemistry

JF - Essays in Biochemistry

ER -