并不“一切如常”: 抗战时期丹麦和瑞典对华外交政策的比较研究

TY - JOUR

T1 - 并不“一切如常”

T2 - 抗战时期丹麦和瑞典对华外交政策的比较研究

AU - Harmsen, Peter

PY - 2015/2/15

Y1 - 2015/2/15

N2 - In the early period of the Anti-Japanese War, although the envoys of Denmark and Sweden in China, as almost all other foreign diplomats, did not move to the interior of China with the Nationalist government together, the two countries expected to maintain the status quo for their relations with China, and carried on "business as usual".However, Denmark was occupied by Germany in 1940.Under the pressure of the Axis powers, Denmark was forced to sever its diplomatic relations with the Nationalist government in Chongqing and turned to recognize the Wang Jingwei puppet regime. With the endeavors of the Chongqing government, former Danish ambassador to Washington Henrik Kauffmann was appointed to be representative of "Free Denmark" in Chongqing. Therefore, from 1942 to summer of 1945,there were two Danish envoys in China. Sweden had always kept independence during the War. Though Japan frequently asked Sweden to recognize the Wang Jingwei puppet regime and negotiated with it about the abolition of extraterritoriality, Sweden did not comply. On the contrary, Sweden sent a new ambassador to the Nationalist government in Chongqing while letting the former envoy remain in Japan-occupied area, so that Sweden had two senior diplomats at the same time in China. These two starkly different historical processes indicate that external pressure from the Axis powers such as Germany and Japan played key roles for recognition of the Chongqing government or the Wang Jingwei puppet government

AB - In the early period of the Anti-Japanese War, although the envoys of Denmark and Sweden in China, as almost all other foreign diplomats, did not move to the interior of China with the Nationalist government together, the two countries expected to maintain the status quo for their relations with China, and carried on "business as usual".However, Denmark was occupied by Germany in 1940.Under the pressure of the Axis powers, Denmark was forced to sever its diplomatic relations with the Nationalist government in Chongqing and turned to recognize the Wang Jingwei puppet regime. With the endeavors of the Chongqing government, former Danish ambassador to Washington Henrik Kauffmann was appointed to be representative of "Free Denmark" in Chongqing. Therefore, from 1942 to summer of 1945,there were two Danish envoys in China. Sweden had always kept independence during the War. Though Japan frequently asked Sweden to recognize the Wang Jingwei puppet regime and negotiated with it about the abolition of extraterritoriality, Sweden did not comply. On the contrary, Sweden sent a new ambassador to the Nationalist government in Chongqing while letting the former envoy remain in Japan-occupied area, so that Sweden had two senior diplomats at the same time in China. These two starkly different historical processes indicate that external pressure from the Axis powers such as Germany and Japan played key roles for recognition of the Chongqing government or the Wang Jingwei puppet government

M3 - Tidsskriftartikel

SN - 1002-9575

VL - 2015

SP - 82

EP - 93

JO - Kangri Zhanzheng Yanjiu

JF - Kangri Zhanzheng Yanjiu

IS - 1

ER -